Understanding Cerebral Palsy: A Comprehensive Guide

What is Cerebral Palsy?

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is defined as an injury to the brain that occurs before, during, or shortly after birth due to various causes. It is usually accompanied by a number of movements and postural dysfunctions, which often limit mobility. In addition to these motor dysfunctions, other impairments may occur, such as disorders that affect communication or behavior.

Causes and risks

What are the causes of cerebral palsy?

Finding out the exact cause behind cerebral palsy in an individual child or determining the risk factors that may have played a role is often challenging for doctors. It is often not possible to determine the cause of the early brain injury. Doctors also discuss whether several factors may be involved in the development of cerebral palsy.

The known causes of cerebral palsy in children are very diverse. Doctors usually classify the causes according to the time at which children acquire the brain injury:

More than 50 percent are affected before birth (prenatal) or during pregnancy as a result of infection or lack of oxygen, for example when a blood clot (thrombosis) forms in a blood vessel in the brain and obstructs blood flow.
During birth (perinatal): From lack of oxygen at birth, for example.
Less commonly after birth (postnatal) as a result of infection such as meningitis or kernicterus, or overlooked rhesus incompatibility.

Cerebral palsy patient playing with his toys

Increasingly, doctors are finding genetic causes of cerebral palsy and speak of "de-novo" mutations. These are chromosomal disorders that can be inherited, which is why siblings often have an increased risk of CP. In addition, there are a number of other factors that may increase the risk of cerebral palsy in children. Some of these factors are:

Multiple pregnancies
Maternal obesity during pregnancy
Infectious diseases such as toxoplasmosis or rubella, or those caused by cytomegalovirus or herpes simplex virus before or after birth

Further causes of cerebral palsy are:

Premature birth: Children born before 28 weeks are more likely to be affected by cerebral palsy.
Birth complications
A birth weight that is too high or too low

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Symptoms

What are the Types and Symptoms of Cerebral Palsy.

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder affecting movement, muscle tone, and posture, with symptoms varying based on the type and severity. Common signs include muscle stiffness (spasticity), involuntary movements, poor coordination, and abnormal posture. Individuals may also experience speech and swallowing difficulties, intellectual disabilities, vision or hearing impairments, and developmental delays. Associated conditions like seizures, chronic pain, and fatigue are also common. The symptoms of each person depend on the area of the brain that is affected, so not every person will experience the same symptoms or the same severity. The following signs of Cerebral Palsy occur alone or in combination.

Spasticity is an abnormal increase in muscle tone that is aggravated by sudden or quick movements. It means that certain muscles, for example in the legs or arms, appear stiff, making controlled movements difficult. Spasticity occurs in 75 to 87 percent of cases of Cerebral Palsy. If spasticity is left untreated, or unmanaged, this can lead to permanent shortening of the muscles affected, resulting in restricted mobility of joints. For example, spasticity in the hamstring muscles could lead to the inability to straighten the knees fully.

Graphic of a human head and brain in which the areas of the brain affected by spastic paralysis are highlighted in blue

Paralysis of varying severity is a common symptom of Cerebral Palsy. In the medical world, a distinction is made between paresis and paralysis. Individuals with paresis often have mobility, although limited, and reduced muscle strength. Individuals with paralysis, however, experience a complete loss of function in the affected area of the body or limb.

Doctors define paralysis according to where it occurs:

If only one limb (e.g. an arm) is affected, it is referred to as monoparesis or monoplegia.
In people with hemiparesis or hemiplegia, the left or right side of the body is paralysed or has limited mobility.
If both legs, or occasionally both arms are affected, this is called diparesis or diplegia.
In quadriparesis or quadriplegia (previously also referred to as tetraparesis or tetraplegia) all four limbs (i.e., both arms and both legs) are affected.

Depending on how pronounced the paralysis is and where exactly it is located, movements such as sitting independently or walking may be difficult.

Graphic representation of different forms of paralysis

Dyskinesia is caused by damage to the basal ganglia in the brain, which is responsible for regulating voluntary movement. In people with Cerebral Palsy, dyskinesia is characterized by involuntary, twisting, and uncontrollable movements, which can be slow or sudden. For instance, children with dyskinesia tend to have difficulty controlling the movement in their hands. This makes it harder for them to hold or grasp items such as a cup or toy. Dyskinesia can increase when a child gets excited about something. For instance, children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy may over-extend and twist their necks due to limited body control. In these cases, an appropriately customized wheelchair with seating and positioning aids can provide support and increase stability. Athetosis and Dystonia are the two main types of dyskinesia, which are described further on.

Graphic of a human head and brain in which the areas of the brain affected by Dyskinesia are highlighted in blue

One of the most common malpositions in children with Cerebral Palsy is an equinus deformity. Due to muscle spasticity, or weakness in the muscles that lift the foot, the foot points downwards. If this deformity is fixed, the sole of the foot cannot be placed flat on the ground. It is, therefore, often difficult to stand upright with a stable base of support. With physiotherapy and orthotics, this deformity can be managed and accommodated. It may even be possible to avoid or stretch out shortened muscles, tendons, and ligaments. If these soft tissue structures do shorten, this can lead to a permanently stiff joint, called a contracture.

Children with Cerebral Palsy often have gait abnormalities. An example is a scissoring gait pattern, which is characterized by the knees and thighs being pressed together or legs crossing when walking as a result of weakness in the hip abductors, or spasticity in the hip adductors.

Weakness in the muscles that bend the knees and hips can make it difficult to clear the ground when swinging the leg through; in effect, the legs are too long to clear the ground when walking. In order to move around, affected children must swing their legs out to the side when stepping forward, making their gait pattern appear choppy and stiff, this is known as circumduction.

A crouch gait is also a common gait abnormality in children with Cerebral Palsy. It is characterized by walking with bent knee and hip joints, which can be exhausting and stressful for their joints. Walking with a crouch gait can also lead to shortening in the muscles and an inability to straighten the knees and hips, even when lying down.

Orthotics and physiotherapy can help support the joints in a more appropriate position and improve the child's walking pattern.

Based on the individual symptoms, doctors can distinguish between different types or classifications of cerebral palsy. The following overview shows the form of cerebral palsy behind the medical terms:

Infancy & Early Childhood

Understanding Infantile Cerebral Palsy

Infantile cerebral palsy (ICP) typically presents as muscle stiffness (spasticity) and movement disorders. It results from brain injuries occurring before, during, or shortly after birth due to factors like oxygen deprivation, infections, or complications during delivery.

Cerebral palsy patient playing with his family

Definition

What is cerebral palsy?

Cerebral palsy (CP) is also known as infantile cerebral palsy (ICP) and is defined as an injury to the brain that occurs before, during or after birth up to about two years of age due to a variety of causes. It is usually accompanied by a number of movement and postural dysfunctions, which often limit mobility. In addition to these motor dysfunctions, other health impairments may occur, such as disorders that may affect vision or hearing, communication or behavior.

Cerebral palsy patient petting a horse together with his father

Early treatment of mobility

Cerebral palsy does not progress, which means the brain injury will not get worse. At the same time, however, cerebral palsy is not curable, and the physical and mental consequences of the disease may get worse if not treated early and permanently. Therefore, therapy aims to promote existing movement abilities and treat the effects of the disease. How mild or severe the symptoms (i.e., the physical or mental disabilities of cerebral palsy) are depends on the affected area of the brain and the level of injury.

Just as the development of mobility is different for every child, it also varies considerably for children with cerebral palsy. The movement disorders or postural disturbances occurring are specific to each individual. The physical development of a person affects his or her cognitive maturity, so it is vital to treat movement disorders or postural disturbances during early childhood in a targeted manner. Physiotherapy and mobility aids such as orthoses, wheelchairs, walking and standing aids are therefore particularly important for the best possible mobility support.

Cerebral palsy patient playing with her physiotherapist

What is cerebral palsy?

Cerebral palsy (CP) is also known as infantile cerebral palsy (ICP) and is defined as an injury to the brain that occurs before, during or after birth up to about two years of age due to a variety of causes. It is usually accompanied by a number of movement and postural dysfunctions, which often limit mobility. In addition to these motor dysfunctions, other health impairments may occur, such as disorders that may affect vision or hearing, communication or behavior.

What does infantile cerebral palsy mean?

Cerebral palsy may occur both in unborn children and after birth due to a variety of causes; this early-childhood brain injury is often referred to as infantile cerebral palsy (ICP). The term infantile cerebral palsy is now considered outdated, as it implies that the condition occurs in early infancy and is a postnatal development, i.e., develops after birth. However, in more than 80 percent of cases, cerebral palsy has an underlying prenatal cause, i.e., a cause developed before birth. Cerebral palsy is the most common movement disorder in childhood. As children with (infantile) cerebral palsy grow up, the disorder continues into adulthood.

Early treatment of mobility

Cerebral palsy does not progress, which means the brain injury will not get worse. At the same time, however, cerebral palsy is not curable, and the physical and mental consequences of the disease may get worse if not treated early and permanently. Therefore, therapy aims to promote existing movement abilities and treat the effects of the disease. How mild or severe the symptoms (i.e., the physical or mental disabilities of cerebral palsy) are depends on the affected area of the brain and the level of injury.

Just as the development of mobility is different for every child, it also varies considerably for children with cerebral palsy. The movement disorders or postural disturbances occurring are specific to each individual. The physical development of a person affects his or her cognitive maturity, so it is vital to treat movement disorders or postural disturbances during early childhood in a targeted manner. Physiotherapy and mobility aids such as orthoses, wheelchairs, walking and standing aids are therefore particularly important for the best possible mobility support.

What is cerebral palsy?

Cerebral palsy (CP) is also known as infantile cerebral palsy (ICP) and is defined as an injury to the brain that occurs before, during or after birth up to about two years of age due to a variety of causes. It is usually accompanied by a number of movement and postural dysfunctions, which often limit mobility. In addition to these motor dysfunctions, other health impairments may occur, such as disorders that may affect vision or hearing, communication or behavior.

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Types & Symptoms.

Spastic CP (75% of cases) – Stiff muscles, exaggerated reflexes.
Hemiplegia (32%) – One side of the body is affected, with the arm more impacted than the leg.
Diplegia (40%) – Both legs are more affected than the arms.
Tetraplegia (2%) – All limbs are impacted, often with significant developmental delays.
Bilateral Hemiplegia & Triplegia – Varying paralysis affecting multiple limbs.

Common complications include stiff joints, difficulty in sitting or walking, speech delays, and posture abnormalities.

GMFCS

What does the GMFCS level say about my child's mobility?

Based on the results of an examination of motor skills and mobility disorders of the affected child in everyday life, doctors can diagnose the level of severity of cerebral palsy. The “Gross Motor Function Classification System” (GMFCS) is often used for this purpose – not only by doctors but also by members of other professional groups, such as physiotherapists and occupational therapists. In many cases, you as parents are actively involved in this process: Questionnaires are used to include your perspective, which makes it easier to identify everyday problems and observations.

The GMFCS consists of five levels or stages, into which mildly to severely affected children with cerebral palsy can be classified. Determining the GMFCS level is about recording your child's current level of mobility – in other words, which movements are possible for your child in everyday life and where he or she encounters obstacles. Each level refers to the movements that are possible. Since the ability to move depends on the age of your child, the GMFCS also distinguishes between different age levels (from 0–2, 2–4, 4–6, 6–12 and 12–18 years). Below you can find a general summary across all ages.

GMFCS 1

Your child can move around independently (with an orthosis, such as an arm or leg splint). Mobility is hardly restricted, and depending on age, activities such as walking, climbing stairs, running and hopping are possible for children with cerebral palsy. Doing sports is also possible later in childhood (6–12 years). At this age, speed, coordination or balance restrictions may become apparent.

GMFCS 1

Your child can move around independently (with an orthosis, such as an arm or leg splint). Mobility is hardly restricted, and depending on age, activities such as walking, climbing stairs, running and hopping are possible for children with cerebral palsy. Doing sports is also possible later in childhood (6–12 years). At this age, speed, coordination or balance restrictions may become apparent.

GMFCS 2

Your child can move around independently to a limited extent (with an orthosis, such as an arm or leg orthosis). Mobility is slightly restricted, and depending on age, your child can stand and walk on stable ground in early childhood. However, uneven ground or outdoor environments may be more difficult, and your child may need a walker. Climbing stairs is possible with handrails; however, running and hopping skills are limited. In older children (6–12 years), a mobility aid may be needed for sports.

GMFCS 3

Your child can move around independently with the help of a walking aid (such as crutches, walking sticks, a walker or wheelchair). In early childhood, your child mainly sits in the W-sitting position (knees in front, feet behind, bottom between the heels). Your child manages to climb stairs together with an adult. When your child is a little older (6–12 years), he or she sometimes manages to climb stairs independently with the help of stair railings. For longer distances or on uneven grounds, your child may require a wheelchair. To participate in physical activity or do sports later in childhood (6–12 years), mobility aids such as a wheelchair may be necessary.

GMFCS 4

Your child has limited ability to move independently but an electric wheelchair makes it possible. When sitting, your child needs support. It may be necessary to use a bath seat for your child. In some cases, walking may be possible with the help of a walker, but changes of direction and balance on uneven ground may cause problems. For indoor mobility, for example at home or at school, your child will use an active wheelchair or an electric wheelchair. Participating in physical activity or doing sports requires assistance from a second person or adapted mobility aids such as electric wheelchairs.

GMFCS 5

Your child is driven in a wheelchair, buggy or stroller to get around. Conscious movements are severely restricted, and your child’s ability to hold his or her head or trunk independently (until the second birthday) is not possible; later in childhood, this will only be possible to a limited extent. In early childhood (2–4 years), your child can often only stand or sit to a limited extent despite mobility aids. Occasionally, your child can move independently with a (specially equipped) electric wheelchair. To participate in physical activity or do sports later in childhood (6–12 years), adults or highly adapted mobility aids such as electric wheelchairs provide support.

Treatment

Improving the mobility of children with cerebral palsy.

In the first place, treatment of cerebral palsy depends on the type of symptoms and how these affect daily life. The goal of therapy is to improve your child's motor skills as well as cognitive development. The aim is to ensure your child is in an upright position so that his or her further development can be facilitated. In addition, regular appointments are used to keep track of how mobile your child is and how he or she is developing to provide the best possible support for independence. Preventive measures also play a major role to prevent muscle, ligament or tendon shortening and contractures as well as malpositions in the first place.

Many different professional groups work together to promote the mobility of your child with cerebral palsy. Planning of the necessary therapeutic measures is mainly the responsibility of the treating doctors. For movement therapy, your child is primarily cared for by physiotherapists and occupational therapists. Speech therapists and orthotists are also part of the treatment team to provide support in achieving the best possible physical development and quality of life for your child and your family.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy for cerebral palsy is about enhancing mobility and the existing range of movement. It is adapted to the individual needs of your child; in general, physiotherapists will teach you as parents how activity and movement promotion can be integrated into everyday life. You will be shown how to handle certain situations, such as how to use necessary mobility aids.

For instance, lower limb orthotics are often necessary for running to improve an equinus deformity. Over time, it is possible for the ankle to become more mobile and standing to become easier. Transferring your child from a bed or chair to a wheelchair is also part of physiotherapy. Parents will also learn special movement exercises that they can use with or on their child at home.

Orthopedic devices

In order to promote and maintain joint function and overall mobility in those with cerebral palsy, orthotists will prescribe appropriate orthopedic devices. These can improve or prevent shortening of muscles, ligaments and tendons as well as malpositions. Orthopedic devices aim to strengthen your child with cerebral palsy so that he or she can live an active and independent life.

The scissor gait can be treated this way, for example. A hip abduction orthosis (such as the Ottobock Cosa Junior) with pads on the inner thighs makes it easier for children with CP to sit firmly or walk. The pads in the trousers function as spacers. The orthosis can also be combined with other mobility aids, such as a wheelchair or lower limb orthosis. The latter often is a dynamic ankle-foot orthosis (such as the Ottobock WalkOn Reaction Junior). It is used in case of drop foot symptoms. There are different models with different functional characteristics. All models support children in physiological walking - even at different speeds and loads. Another assistive device is the Exopulse Mollii Suit, that is designed to effectively relax tense, spastic muscles and relieve related pain. It can be used in combination with physical therapy, exercise, or physical activity.

Medications

In some cases of spastic cerebral palsy, various medications (either orally or as injections) can be used as part of the therapy. The goal of drug therapy is to relieve spasticity and pain. Which medications are suitable and whether they are needed is decided by the doctors based on your child’s symptoms and the fact of whether certain conditions are met under the benefit-risk assessment. As every case of cerebral palsy is different, this will be decided on an individual basis.

Surgical treatment options

Doctors try to use non-surgical treatment methods for children with cerebral palsy as much as possible. In some cases, however, it may make sense to consider surgical measures. Depending on the procedure, pain caused by spasticity can be relieved, and standing and walking can be improved. Applied early enough, some surgeries can be preventive, and the effects of spasticity can be prevented in certain cases. In some cases, surgery is also a treatment option for already existing malpositions or changes in the joint.

Development

What does cerebral palsy mean for your child's future mobility?

Many parents of children with cerebral palsy are uncertain about their child's future. Questions about how the physical impairments will affect development and therefore the prospect of an independent and active life are often the primary focus.

Although cerebral palsy cannot be cured and remains permanent, maintaining and improving mobility are the goals of treatment. Specific support can often improve mobility up to the age of seven. More than half of the children with cerebral palsy are able to walk independently.

Cerebral Palsy patient wears Ottobock's Exopulse Molii Suit and is sitting on the stairs

Your child’s independence.

In addition, the clinical presentation of cerebral palsy varies widely depending on the extent of the injury to your child’s brain. As a result, some children are only very slightly limited, and an independent life on their own is indeed possible. If cerebral palsy is severe, it is possible that those affected will be dependent on support for the rest of their lives; however, even in this case, there are many possibilities and mobility aids to promote and shape your child’s independence and participation.

If no other serious accompanying diseases occur, cerebral palsy does not affect life expectancy.

Cerebral Palsy patient is outside in the park

Teen Years: Growing & Adapting

Navigating Adolescence with CP.

Lot’s of things are changing. Including how you move!

Your teen years are a time of constant change. To your body. To what interests you and what’s important to you. You’re experiencing new feelings, looking for new kinds of friends, and starting a new part of your life.

But that can be tough when you have CP. CP can have a big impact on every part of your body, and especially on your mobility (how your body moves). Being able to move freely is more important than ever when you want to go new places, try new hobbies, and do lots more on your own.

If you’re a teen with CP, this page can help. You’ll learn a bit about what to expect at your age, and get some advice and inspiration from a real expert in what you’re going through.

Teenage years bring physical, emotional, and social challenges. For those with CP, mobility issues can affect independence, self-confidence, and participation in activities.

Key Challenges & Adaptations

Increased Spasticity & Joint Stiffness
– Growth spurts may worsen muscle tightness.
Gait Abnormalities
– Walking patterns may change, requiring updated orthotics or mobility aids.
Pain & Fatigue
– Overuse of muscles can lead to chronic pain and exhaustion.
Social Inclusion
– Teens with CP may feel different but can benefit from peer support and self-advocacy.

Maintaining Mobility & Independence

Physical & Occupational Therapy
– Adjusting treatments to accommodate growth and new physical challenges.
Assistive Devices
– Custom wheelchairs, braces, and adaptive technology for greater independence.
Mental Health Support
– Addressing self-esteem, anxiety, and social concerns through counseling and peer groups.

Encouraging independence and confidence is key to helping teens transition into adulthood successfully.

Find out what to expect — from a teen just like you!

Grownups and doctors have a lot of the answers you need when you have CP. But while they want what’s best for you, sometimes it just helps to hear it from someone your age. Someone who’s going through the same experiences and changes as you.

So to share what it’s like being a teen with CP, we asked a real expert: a teen with CP. Let’s meet her!

Our Special Guest

Meet Moya-May!

Moya-May is 14 years old and she’s from Dublin, Ireland. She loves music, musical theater, and writing poetry. But most of all she loves making people laugh.

Like a lot of kids with CP, her condition has a big impact on the way her body moves. Let’s meet her and find out more!

Watch now

Cerebral Palsy patient walks with her walker

How to take on life’s new challenges with CP.

Moya-May has a real passion for helping others with disabilities like her. She loves to share what she’s learned about growing up with her condition, so we asked her for some real-life advice in this special video series. Keep scrolling to watch them all!

Being a teen with CP: Learning as you grow.

Being a teen can be tough for anyone. But it’s even more challenging when you’re facing a disability like CP. You want to do more on your own. And you want to feel accepted as you are.

In this video, Moya-May talks about how important that is for her too. CP doesn’t have to make you feel different, she says. It’s okay to be who you are, and to share how you’re feeling as your body changes and grows.

What to expect and how to get ready.

Everyone’s teen years are different, but there are still a lot of things that just about everyone goes through. Like wanting to know that people love and understand you.

Moya-May says that starts with being kind and patient when people ask questions about you and your CP. She loves to share how things are for her. It helps everyone understand, accept, and care for each other.

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CP in Adulthood: New Challenges

Adulthood: Long-Term Management.

While Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a non-progressive condition, its symptoms can evolve and present new challenges in adulthood due to aging, lifestyle factors, and the long-term impact of the condition on the body. Below are the most common symptoms experienced by adults with CP:

1. Motor and Mobility Issues:

Increased Muscle Stiffness and Spasticity: Worsening tightness in muscles over time. Muscle tone imbalances may lead to contractures (permanent tightening of muscles) and reduced flexibility.
Reduced Mobility: Difficulty walking or maintaining balance, increased reliance on mobility aids.
Joint and Muscle Pain: Often caused by abnormal posture, overuse, or arthritis.
Fatigue: Increased energy expenditure for routine activities due to inefficient movement patterns.
Muscle Weakness: Gradual weakening of muscles, impacting daily functions.

2. Postural Changes:

Joint Deformities: Development of contractures or scoliosis.
Poor Posture: Difficulty maintaining proper alignment while sitting or standing.

3. Speech and Swallowing Problems:

Dysarthria: Slurred or slow speech patterns.
Swallowing Difficulties (Dysphagia): Increased risk of choking or aspiration.

4. Chronic Pain:

Pain in the muscles, joints, and nerves, often due to years of abnormal muscle use and misalignment.

5. Cognitive and Mental Health Challenges:

Cognitive Decline: Some adults may experience memory or concentration difficulties.
Mental Health Concerns: Higher risk of depression, anxiety, and emotional distress.
Social Isolation: Challenges in social integration and maintaining relationships.

6. Secondary Health Issues:

Arthritis: Accelerated joint wear and tear.
Osteoporosis: Increased risk of bone fractures.
Incontinence: Bladder or bowel control issues.
Seizures: Some adults may continue to experience epileptic episodes.

7. Fatigue and Reduced Endurance & Post-Impairment Syndrome:

Daily activities may become increasingly exhausting due to the extra effort required for movement and posture control.
Post-impairment syndrome is a common condition that occurs when you max out your body's energy repeatedly. If you have CP, you may use all your energy doing certain everyday tasks, such as climbing small flights of stairs or sweeping the floor.

8. Premature Aging:

Adults with CP may experience physical aging earlier than the general population due to the strain on their muscles and joints over time.

The Future with CP

Although CP is lifelong, many individuals achieve independence and lead fulfilling lives with the right support. Early interventions, adaptive strategies, and a strong support network can help people with CP thrive at every stage of life.

Treatment Options for Cerebral Palsy.

While there is no cure, various treatments can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. These include physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, medications, assistive devices, and, in some cases, surgery. Early intervention and a personalised treatment plan are key to addressing the unique needs of each individual. Explore our site to learn more about CP, available treatment options, and resources for support and care.

Product solutions

Product Solutions, Orthotic aids, and Mobility Aids.

From orthotics to walkers and wheelchairs, to a near full-body neuromodulation suit, there are numerous mobility aids available for individuals with Cerebral Palsy. The neuromobility portfolio offers a selection of orthotic devices and mobility aids Ottobock offers for children, adolescents, and adults with CP.

Support

Where to find support.

Your doctor is your first point of contact. Later, allied health professionals such as Physiotherapists, Orthotists, Occupational Therapists, and Speech and Language Therapists will be available to assist you if you need advice.

In addition to discussing cerebral palsy within your own family and circle of friends, networking with others in a similar situation can also be helpful.

Contact us

Cerebral Palsy. An Overview.

Living with cerebral palsy

What is Cerebral Palsy?

What are the causes of cerebral palsy?

What are the Types and Symptoms of Cerebral Palsy.

Based on the individual symptoms, doctors can distinguish between different types or classifications of cerebral palsy. The following overview shows the form of cerebral palsy behind the medical terms:

Understanding Infantile Cerebral Palsy

What is cerebral palsy?

Early treatment of mobility

What is cerebral palsy?

What does infantile cerebral palsy mean?

Early treatment of mobility

What is cerebral palsy?

Types & Symptoms.

What does the GMFCS level say about my child's mobility?

Improving the mobility of children with cerebral palsy.

What does cerebral palsy mean for your child's future mobility?

Your child’s independence.

Navigating Adolescence with CP.

Find out what to expect — from a teen just like you!

Meet Moya-May!

Meet Moya-May!

Meet Moya-May!

Meet Moya-May!

How to take on life’s new challenges with CP.

Being a teen with CP: Learning as you grow.

What to expect and how to get ready.

Adulthood: Long-Term Management.

The Future with CP

The Future with CP

The Future with CP

The Future with CP

Treatment Options for Cerebral Palsy.

Product Solutions, Orthotic aids, and Mobility Aids.

Where to find support.

Do you have further questions about Cerebral Palsy or our products?